A collection of essays that offers a genuinely comparative perspective for the exegesis of early Jewish and Christian texts. The book steps beyond the older program of searching for philological traces of Aramaism in the Gospels, and presses the essential question: how might we use these obviously related documents to illuminate one another? For scholars and advanced students of either the New Testament or the Targums. Also intended for courses in the Judaic aspect of early Christianity. A volume in the Studies in Judaism series.