This book is a collection of the author's papers written over the last decade that broadly span over the area of economic theory for policymaking and is an addition to the author's well-known series "Collected Papers in Theoretical Economics". The volumes in this series deal with thephilosophical foundations of economics and their applicability to a wide range of issues of immediate policy relevance. Drawing from his policymaking experience in India as the Chief Economic Advisor to the Government, and internationally as Chief Economist at the World Bank, the author addressesdomestic as well as global policy challenges through papers rooted in serious economic theory. The chapters address issues like corruption, regulation, finance, exchange rates and currency manipulation, inflation management, fiscal and monetary policy, child labour and household wealth. Further, thebook also analyses the major financial crises that have occurred over the past decade, and the role of economies like China and India in the world's economic future.