Overview vii Acknowledgements ix 1 Formulae and equations 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Evaluating expressions 2 1.3 Linear equations 8 1.4 Blood alcohol content 13 1.5 Medication dosages 16 1.6 Review 19 Answers 24 2 Linear relationships 29 2.1 Overview 29 2.2 Direct variation 30 2.3 The gradient and intercepts 36 2.4 Sketching linear graphs 46 2.5 Linear models 50 2.6 Review 57 Answers 63 3 Practicalities of measurement 79 3.1 Overview 79 3.2 Units of measurement 80 3.3 Limits of accuracy 87 3.4 Scientific notation 93 3.5 Review 99 Answers 104 4 Perimeter and area 109 4.1 Overview 109 4.2 Perimeter 1 110 4.3 Perimeter 2 115 4.4 Area 1 121 4.5 Area 2 127 4.6 Applications of Pythagoras' theorem 132 4.7 Irregularly shaped blocks of land 139 4.8 Review 148 Answers 156 5 Surface area and volume 163 5.1 Overview 163 5.2 Surface area 1 164 5.3 Surface area 2 171 5.4 Volume 1 176 5.5 Volume 2 182 5.6 Review 185 Answers 190 6 Units of energy and mass 195 6.1 Overview 195 6.2 Units of mass and energy 196 6.3 Food and nutrition 201 6.4 Energy expended in activities 209 6.5 Energy consumption 215 6.6 Review 219 Answers 225 7 Working with time 229 7.1 Overview 229 7.2 Time and timetables 230 7.3 Positions on the Earth's surface 239 7.4 Time zones 241 7.5 Review 248 Answers 252 8 Interest and depreciation 255 8.1 Overview 255 8.2 Percentage increase or decrease 256 8.3 Simple interest 261 8.4 Applications of simple interest 266 8.5 Review 274 Answers 279 9 Earning and managing money 285 9.1 Overview 285 9.2 Getting paid 286 9.3 Commission, piecework and royalties 290 9.4 Taxation and deductions 294 9.5 Performing financial calculations 300 9.6 Review 307 Answers 312 10 Budgeting and household expenses 317 10.1 Overview 317 10.2 Household expenses 318 10.3 Purchasing, running and maintaining a vehicle 325 10.4 Budgeting 333 10.5 Review 340 Answers 347 11 Data Analysis: Classifying and Representing Data 353 11.1 Overview 353 11.2 Data collection methods 354 11.3 Classifying data and displaying categorical data 360 11.4 Organising and displaying data 371 11.5 Comparing data 379 11.6 Review 389 Answers 396 12 Data analysis: univariate data 407 12.1 Overview 407 12.2 Measures of central tendency 408 12.3 Measures of spread 416 12.4 Graphical distributions 425 12.5 Parallel boxplots 433 12.6 Review 439 Answers 446 13 Relative frequency and probability 453 13.1 Overview 453 13.2 Theoretical probability 454 13.3 Multi-stage experiments 458 13.4 Experimental probability 464 13.5 Review 472 Answers 476 Glossary 485 Index  491