This series of lectures introduces the greatest of universal museums. Its aim is not comprehensive. The focus is narrowed to the Department of Paintings, which is responsible for European paintings from the Middle Ages until the mid-19th century. These works of art form an encyclopedic summary of the achievements of painters that can be called the single most important such collection in the world. The aim of these lectures is to both prepare new viewers for a visit and to be a "study aid" for those who have been and gone before. Critic and historian Richard Brettell begins with an overview of the Louvre's colorful history as royal palace, art academy, and national showcase. The lectures explore some of the most beautiful and renowned examples of European painting, including masterworks by Raphael, Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Watteau, Rubens and Vermeer.