Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881)
Autor von Die Französische Revolution
Über den Autor
Thomas Carlyle was a social critic and historian born in Ecclefechan, Dumfriesshire, Scotland, December 4, 1795, the same year as John Keats, but Carlyle is considered an early Victorian rather than a Romantic. After completing his elementary studies, he went to the University of Edinburgh but left mehr anzeigen in 1814 without a degree. His parents wanted him to become a minister in the Scottish church, but his independence of spirit made such a life program impossible. In 1816 he fell in love with, and was rejected by, a young woman. His love affair was followed by a period of doubt and uncertainty described vividly in Sartor Resartus, a work published in 1833 that attracted much attention. Carlyle's first literary work reveals his admiration for German thought and philosophy, and especially for the two great German poets Schiller and Goethe. The fictional autobiography of a philosopher deeply impressed Ralph Waldo Emerson who brought it back to the United States to be published there. History of the French Revolution (1837), rewritten after parts of it were mistakenly burned as kindling by John Stuart Mill, cemented Carlyle's reputation. The work brought him fame but no great wealth. As a result of his comparative poverty he was induced to give four series of public lectures. Of these the most famous were those On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic of History delivered in 1840 and published in 1841. Past and Present (1843), and Latter Day Pamphlets (1850) present his economic and industrial theories. With The Letters and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell (1845), The Life of John Sterling (1851), and History of Frederick II of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great (1858-1865) he returned to biography. In 1865, Carlyle was made Lord Rector of Edinburgh. (Bowker Author Biography) weniger anzeigen
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Smelfungus is a name given by Laurence Sterne to Tobias Smollett as author of a volume of Travels through France and Italy, for the snarling abuse he heaps on the institutions and customs of the countries he visited.
In the 19th century it was adopted by Thomas Carlyle as a pen-name when he had any seriously severe criticisms to offer on things, particularly those that have gone or are going to the bad. Patrick Proctor Alexander also used the name in his book Mill and Carlyle, which contrasted Carlyle's views with those of John Stuart Mill. Proctor's Occasional Discourse on Sauertieg by Smelfungus attacks Carlyle's more brutal ideas.
Bildnachweis: Helmolt, H.F., ed. History of the World. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1902.
Reihen
Werke von Thomas Carlyle
Autobiography; Essay on Liberty; Characteristics; Inaugural Address; Essay on Scott (1909) — Mitwirkender — 222 Exemplare
Carlyle's Essay on Burns: With the Cotter's Saturday Night and Other Poems from Burns (1909) 21 Exemplare
Essays on Goethe 9 Exemplare
Oliver Cromwell's Letters and Speeches, with Elucidations by Thomas Carlyle: Volume 2 (1845) 7 Exemplare
Sartor Resartus and Essays on Burns and Scott 7 Exemplare
Historical Essays (The Norman and Charlotte Strouse Edition of the Writings of Thomas Carlyle) (2002) 6 Exemplare
Letters of Thomas Carlyle to John Stuart Mill , John Sterling and Robert Browning (1969) 5 Exemplare
Historical Sketches of Notable Persons and Events in the Reigns of James I. and Charles I (1898) 4 Exemplare
Occasional discourse on the Nigger question 4 Exemplare
History of Friedrich II of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great in eight volumes, Volume II (part of) The Centenary… (1859) 4 Exemplare
Esays on the greater German poets and writers 4 Exemplare
Collected Works of (Illustrated) 3 Exemplare
German Romance, Translations from the German with biographical and critical notices in two volumes, II, Hoffmann,… (1898) 3 Exemplare
Reminiscences of My Irish Journey in 1849 3 Exemplare
Carlyle's Works. History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, called Frederick the Great, Volume IV. (2006) 3 Exemplare
Critical and miscellaneous essays. Volume 1 3 Exemplare
Critical and miscellaneous essays . Volume 3 3 Exemplare
Critical and miscellaneous essays. Volume 4 3 Exemplare
The Works of Thomas Carlyle History of Friedrich the Second Called Frederick the Great Volume Two (1897) 3 Exemplare
Carlyle's Works. History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, called Frederick the Great, Volume V. (2010) 3 Exemplare
History Friedrich II. Of Prussia, Vol. 6 of 10: Frederick the Great (Classic Reprint) (2010) 3 Exemplare
Carlyle's Works. History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, called Frederick the Great, Volume VII. (2010) 3 Exemplare
The Carlyle anthology 3 Exemplare
The Letters of Thomas Carlyle to His Brother Alexander With Related Family Letters (1968) 3 Exemplare
Inaugural Address at Edinburgh 3 Exemplare
Lavora non disperarti 3 Exemplare
On Heroes 2 Exemplare
Dante e Shakespeare 2 Exemplare
Essays on Burns & Scott 2 Exemplare
On the Choice of Books (Dodo Press): Classic Work Which Began As An Address To Students Of Edinburgh University, By The… (2007) 2 Exemplare
Selections from Carlyle 2 Exemplare
Sir Walter Scott 2 Exemplare
Wilhelm Meister (3 vols.) 2 Exemplare
Miscellaneous Essays 2 Exemplare
History of Friedrich the Second, Called Frederick the Great (Volume One), from the Works of Thomas Carlyle 2 Exemplare
CRITICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS ESSAYS : THE EARLY KINGS OF NORWAY ETC. : EIGHT VOLUMES IN THREE, VOLUME III (1903) 2 Exemplare
Critical And Miscellaneous Essays Collected and Republished (First Time, 1839; Final, 1869) Volume III of IV (1888) 2 Exemplare
Carlyle's Works (Musaeus, Tieck, Richter; and Heroes and Hero Worship, Past and Present) - Two Book Set 2 Exemplare
Sartor Resartus and Latter-Day Pamphlets 2 Exemplare
Oliver Cromwell's Letters And Speeches with Elucidations By Thomas Carlyle (Everyman 266, 267, 268) (1926) 2 Exemplare
Essays on Literature (Volume 5) (The Norman and Charlotte Strouse Edition of the Writings of Thomas Carlyle) (2020) 2 Exemplare
History of Frederick the Great of Prussia, called Frederick the Great in eight volumes, Volume VIII: The Centenary… (1864) 2 Exemplare
História da Revolução Francesa 1 Exemplar
History of Frederic II of Prussia 1 Exemplar
Arbeiten und nicht verzweifeln Auszüge 1 Exemplar
Autobiography 1 Exemplar
The Collected Letters of Thomas and Jane Welsh Carlyle: Vol. 4: 1826-28 (Collected Letters of Thomas and Jane Welsh… (1970) 1 Exemplar
Complete Works of Thomas Carlyle, The (Oliver Cromwell's Letters and Speeches with Elucidations vol. 3, The life of… (1906) 1 Exemplar
El Dictador de Francia 1 Exemplar
Reminiscences , Vol I 1 Exemplar
Biografía 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's complete works Volume 17 1 Exemplar
Den franske revolution 1 Exemplar
The French Rvolution vol 2-3 1 Exemplar
"The Sacredness Of Work" 1 Exemplar
Carlyle 1 Exemplar
Исторические и критические опыты 1 Exemplar
History of Frederick II of Prussia volume 4 1 Exemplar
History of Frederick II of Prussia volume 5 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Essay on Burns - Poems From Burns 1 Exemplar
The French Revolution (3 volumes) 1 Exemplar
The Collected Letters of Thomas and Jane Welsh Carlyle, Vol. 35: January-October 1859 (Collected Letters of Thomas &… (2007) 1 Exemplar
The Thomas Carlyle Collection 1 Exemplar
History of Frederick II of Prussia volume 7 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Essay on Sir Walter Scott 1 Exemplar
The Works of Thomas Carlyle in Thirty Volumes, Vol. V: Heroes and Hero-Worship, in One Volumes (2016) 1 Exemplar
Critical and Miscellaneous Essays Volume VI 1 Exemplar
Reminiscences , Vol II 1 Exemplar
The Complete Works of Thomas Carlyle 1 Exemplar
Pagine scelte 1 Exemplar
Works of Thomas Carlyle Parts Edition 1 Exemplar
Carlyle’s Works - 6 Volumes 1 Exemplar
Samuel Johnson 1 Exemplar
French Revolution Vol. III 1 Exemplar
Tre i Norge ved to av dem 1 Exemplar
Oliver Cromwell: With a Selection from his Letters and Speeches (Abridged and Newly Edited) 1 Exemplar
Essays on Politics and Society (Volume 6) (The Norman and Charlotte Strouse Edition of the Writings of Thomas Carlyle) (2022) 1 Exemplar
The Works of Thomas Carlyle (Oliver Cromwell's Letters and Speeches with Elucidations (Volume 7)) 1 Exemplar
Critical and Miscellaneous Essays Volume 1 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Works: Frederick the Great 1 Exemplar
Muhammad The Hero as Prophet 1 Exemplar
Critical and Miscellaneous Essays Volume 2 1 Exemplar
Critical and Miscellaneous Essays Volume 4 1 Exemplar
The French Revolution. Three Volumes in One 1 Exemplar
Critical and miscellaneous essays Volume 3 1 Exemplar
Friedrich der Große. Ausg. in einem Band besorgt u. eingeleitet von Karl Linnebach (1924) 1 Exemplar
2: The Works of Thomas Carlyle (Cambridge Library Collection - The Works of Carlyle) (Volume 2) (2010) 1 Exemplar
History Of Friedrich II. of Prussia - Frederick The Great-Complete Table of Contents: 22 Volumes (2010) 1 Exemplar
Abbot Samson and other selections 1 Exemplar
Thomas Carlyle's Works (Popular Edition): Frederick the Great I-IV, VII; Past and Present; Sartor Resartus; Heroes… (1861) 1 Exemplar
Essays on Burns, Scott and Johnson. Edited with marginalia and notes by Henry Williams (Temple Classics.) (1904) 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Works. History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, called Frederick the Great, Volume II. 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Works. Last Words. 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Works. German Romances, Volume I. 1 Exemplar
The Works of Thomas Carlyle in Thirty Volumes (Centenary Edition): Vol. XXIX - Critical and Miscellaneous Essays IV… (1899) 1 Exemplar
Oliver Cromwell's letters and Speeches with Elucidations Vol. II, Life of Friedrich Schiller, Including a General… (1885) 1 Exemplar
Critical and Miscellaneous Essays : Collected and Republished : In Four Volumes, Vol. II (1890) 1 Exemplar
Essays on German literature 1 Exemplar
Jocelin of Brakelond : from Past and present 1 Exemplar
The French Revolution Vols 2 & 3 1 Exemplar
Essais choisis de critique et de morale 1 Exemplar
John Knox 1 Exemplar
Goethe's Faust 1 Exemplar
Miscellaneous Essays: Volumes I and II 1 Exemplar
Latter-Day Pamphlets and Characteristics 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Choice Works 1 Exemplar
An Actual Authentic Ghost [short story] 1 Exemplar
Letters of Thomas Carlyle to William Graham 1 Exemplar
Novalis, Including Hymns to the Night 1 Exemplar
THE WORKS OF THOMAS CARLYLE " Sartor Resartus, Past and Present, the Diamond Necklass Mirabeau" (1885) 1 Exemplar
Tales by Musaeus, Tieck, Richter (vol. 2) 1 Exemplar
CRITICAL and MISCELLANEOUS ESSAYS: Collected and Republished Second Edition - Volume 1 of 5 1 Exemplar
Historical and Political Essays 1 Exemplar
The Works of Thomas Carlyle, History of Friedrich the Second Called Frederick the Great (Volume 5) 1 Exemplar
Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Thomas Carlyle: With personal reminiscences and selections from his private letters… (2001) 1 Exemplar
The reign of terror 1 Exemplar
Jesuitism 1 Exemplar
Letters of Thomas Carlyle, 1826-1836 1 Exemplar
Frederick the Great Vol 1 1 Exemplar
History of Friedrich II. of Prussia: Called Frederick the Great, Volumes 4-5 - Primary Source Edition (2013) 1 Exemplar
The Life of Samuel Johnson 1 Exemplar
History of Fredrich II of Prussia, called Frederrick the Great in 10 volumes (incomplete set) 1 Exemplar
History of Friedrich II of Prussia, Vol. 8 1 Exemplar
Selections 1 Exemplar
Carlyle, part one 1 Exemplar
The Pocket Carlyle 1 Exemplar
Oliver Cromwell III. Life of Schiller 1 Exemplar
Goethe (= Klassiker der Staatskunst 12) 1 Exemplar
Two Great Works Complete Sartor Resartus and Heroes and Hero Worship Plus Three Other Major Essays 1 Exemplar
Los primitivos reyes de Noruega 1 Exemplar
The letters and speeches of Oliver Cromwell, with elucidations by Thomas Carlyle; ed. in three volumes, with notes,… (2012) 1 Exemplar
Critical and Miscellaneous Essays I-II 1 Exemplar
Oliver Cromwell I-II 1 Exemplar
The Collected Letters of Thomas and Jane Welsh Carlyle, Vol. 37: October 1860- October 1861 (2007) 1 Exemplar
Bohaterowie : cześć dla bohaterów i pierwiastek bohaterstwa w historii : Odyn, Mahomet, Dante, Szekspir, Luter,… (2006) 1 Exemplar
The Collected Letters of Thomas and Jane Welsh Carlyle, Vol. 39: Decembeer 1862- December 1863 (2011) 1 Exemplar
German Romance : Specimens of its Chief Authors, with Biographical and Critical Notices (Vol IV) 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Works (Cromwell's Letters Volumes 1-5; and Latter-Day Pamphlets) - Three Book Set 1 Exemplar
Past and Present & Heroes and Hero-Worship 1 Exemplar
Carlyle's Works. German Romances, Volume II. 1 Exemplar
THOMAS CARLYLE: SELECTIONS 1 Exemplar
Heroes past and present 1 Exemplar
Frederick The Great VIII-VIII 1 Exemplar
Frederick The Great V-VI 1 Exemplar
Frederick The Great III-IV 1 Exemplar
Frederick The Great I-II 1 Exemplar
History of Frederick the Great 1 Exemplar
Worte [Thomas] Carlyles 1 Exemplar
Essays (Everyman's Library) 1 Exemplar
Zugehörige Werke
The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 4th Edition, Volume 2 (1979) — Mitwirkender — 250 Exemplare
Wilhelm Meister : Die Lehrjahre / Die Wanderjahre (1821) — Übersetzer, einige Ausgaben — 118 Exemplare
Voices of the Industrial Revolution: Selected Readings from the Liberal Economists and Their Critics (1961) — Mitwirkender — 43 Exemplare
Out of the Best Books: An Anthology of Literature, Vol. 2: Love, Marriage, and the Family (1966) — Mitwirkender — 39 Exemplare
Grolier Classics: Les Miserables, Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, French Revolution, Divine Comedy (1955) 16 Exemplare
Oogst der tijden : keur uit de werken van schrijvers en dichters aller volken en eeuwen (1940) — Mitwirkender — 10 Exemplare
Letters and memorials of Jane Welsh Carlyle, vol. I (2005) — Herausgeber, einige Ausgaben — 9 Exemplare
Letters and Memorials of Jane Welsh Carlyle Vol. II (2005) — Herausgeber, einige Ausgaben — 5 Exemplare
Letters & Memories of Jane Welsh Carlyle Vol III (2011) — Herausgeber, einige Ausgaben — 3 Exemplare
Stories by Musaus and Fouque (Studies in German Literature, Linguistics, and Culture) (Vol 1) (1991) — Übersetzer, einige Ausgaben — 2 Exemplare
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Wissenswertes
- Geburtstag
- 1795-12-04
- Todestag
- 1881-02-05
- Begräbnisort
- Hoddam Kirkyard, Ecclefechan, Dumfriesshire, Scotland
- Geschlecht
- male
- Nationalität
- Schots
- Geburtsort
- Ecclesmachan, West Lothian, Scotland
- Sterbeort
- Chelsea, UK
- Wohnorte
- Annan, Scotland
Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland, UK
Craigenputtock, Dumfriesshire, Scotland
London, England, UK - Ausbildung
- godsdienst
wiskunde
rechten - Berufe
- rector universiteit Edinburgh
vertaler Duits - Engels
essayist - Beziehungen
- Carlyle, Jane Welsh (wife)
- Preise und Auszeichnungen
- Pour le Mérite für Wissenschaften und Künste (1874)
Foreign Honorary Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1878) - Hinweis zur Identitätsklärung
- 1) CK Above
2) Erik Bruun actually wrote Test Your History IQ
Smelfungus is a name given by Laurence Sterne to Tobias Smollett as author of a volume of Travels through France and Italy, for the snarling abuse he heaps on the institutions and customs of the countries he visited.
In the 19th century it was adopted by Thomas Carlyle as a pen-name when he had any seriously severe criticisms to offer on things, particularly those that have gone or are going to the bad. Patrick Proctor Alexander also used the name in his book Mill and Carlyle, which contrasted Carlyle's views with those of John Stuart Mill. Proctor's Occasional Discourse on Sauertieg by Smelfungus attacks Carlyle's more brutal ideas.
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Condition: Very Good. 1889. Hardback. 2 vols completing the French Revolution series by Carlyle. Fine in very good half leather over marbled boards, with marbled gold page edges. Covers worn at spine, but remain very good. Vol I-II.
Epopeya histórica, más que historia, de Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881), publicada en 1837. El gran escritor inglés da en esta célebre obra una visión de los hechos típicamente epicodramática: relieve estereoscópico de fuerzas espirituales ocultas que afloran por simpatía bajo la penetrante mirada intuitiva del investigador de héroes y fuerzas heroicas, mal disimuladas por la apocalíptica violencia de los acontecimientos. De este procedimiento suyo, por cuadros ricos de color, de movimiento, erizados de sentencias, de epigramas que se resuelven en imágenes fulgurantes, Carlyle da ya memorables ejemplos en los primeros capítulos de su obra.
La obra, con sus defectos y sus parcialidades, como con sus geniales iluminaciones, con su ritmo épico, de la narración, como con su característica interpretación de la Historia pasada en función de los problemas presentes, queda como el monumento tal vez más notable de la historiografía romántica europea.… (mehr)
La obra, con sus defectos y sus parcialidades, como con sus geniales iluminaciones, con su ritmo épico, de la narración, como con su característica interpretación de la Historia pasada en función de los problemas presentes, queda como el monumento tal vez más notable de la historiografía romántica europea.… (mehr)
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In his history of the French Revolution, Carlyle covers the period from the latter stages of the rule of Louis XV through the famous "Whiff of Grapeshot" employed by Napoleon Bonaparte to quell the uprising of the Jacobins against the National Convention in the aftermath of the downfall of Robespierre and his associates. This is about as close to a day to day or play by play of the events of the revolution as you are likely to encounter. It bears no resemblance to the typical academic history of the revolution, much less the typical textbook treatment of this world historical event. In Carlyle's retelling which was published a mere twenty-two years after the Battle of Waterloo you are introduced to what seems like the proverbial "cast of thousands". Anyone who was anyone appears on Carlyle's stage and his or her role is accounted for and judged according to his influence and merit. On the whole Carlyle is, if not on the side of, definitely sympathetic to the Revolution. The historicist in him seems to require that he pronounce in favor of what is, because it was, a movement, a spirit, an energy whose time had come and was accordingly irresistible. There is no sympathy expressed for the institutions and actors of the ancien regime, although one does detect a certain admiration for the character of Marie Antoinette. Louis XVI, on the other hand, is doomed by the circumstances he is unequipped to deal with and a Hamlet like inability to make up his mind to follow through on a plan of action. He is reduced to a passive, hope for the best, response at every major turning point where a different course of action might have salvaged his situation.
Carlyle takes a harsh attitude toward the nobility and the clergy. He frequently employs the epithets Jesuitical and Jesuitism to criticize anyone of either a royalist or moderate republican bent. He is dismissive of the emigres, approves of the abolition of feudalism. His sympathies are with what he constantly refers to as the 'twenty-five millions", i.e., the population of France suffering from the want of basic means of subsistence, not just political oppression. I was a little surprised at the harsh assessment of the Girondins who are dismissed along with their "Formulas" a term Carlyle employs to indicate his contempt for political theory as opposed to what in other contexts you might call will to power. He seems to approve of the winning side because it is the winning side and therefore deserved to win. He only criticizes the extreme left of the Jacobins after they have completely wiped out their political opposition and committed themselves to a kind of permanent revolution in the manner of their totalitarian admirers and successors in the 20th century.
Carlyle's prose is difficult albeit elegant. It is as if Shakespeare decided to write a 700-page history instead of a five-act play. If you want to fully follow the story it is really valuable to keep your access to the Internet handy to look up all of the characters he introduces who were significant players if only for a brief time in this drama. Also, the text is replete with references to Greek mythology, ancient and medieval history, and the Bible. I found myself constantly pausing to do a search on my cell phone. Sometimes it is necessary to look up a proper name to understand if he refers to a person or a place. And his vocabulary is as challenging as his literary and historical store of knowledge.
I need to mention by way of a recommendation some benefits of the Modern Library edition which may be wanting in other versions. First, there is an index of proper names which although a common feature is not universal but advantageous when a character reappears in the narrative dozens or more pages after being initially introduced. Also, at the top of each page is a reference to the date of the action being described, at least the year, more frequently the month and sometimes the specific date. In the beginning of the book before Carlyle's text there is a Chronology of the events covered in his work. I found it a useful reference. The only negative associated with the Modern Library edition which is shares with other titles published in the Modern Library series is a poor quality of the typescript.
I should like to conclude by way of an example of Carlyle's rhetoric and thought a paragraph from the chapter Rushing Down in the Book entitled Terror the Order of the Day.
"No inconsiderable Oath, truly; forming, as has been often said, the most remarkable transaction in these last thousand years. Wherefrom likewise there follow, and will follow, results. The fulfillment of this Oath; that is to say the black desperate battle of Men against their whole Condition and Environment, -a battle, alas, withal against the Sin and Darkness that was in themselves as in others; this is the Reign of Terror. Transcendental despair was the purport of it, though not consciously so. False hopes, of Fraternity, Political Millenium, and what not, we have always seen: but the unseen heart of the whole, the transcendental despair, was not false; neither has it been of no effect. Despair, pushed far enough, completes the circle, so to speak; and becomes kind of genuine productive hope again."… (mehr)