This manual provides guidance for planning and executing training on the 5.56-mm M16A1 and M16A2 rifles to include the conduct of basic rifle marksmanship and advanced rifle marksmanship. It is a guide for commanders, leaders, and instructors to develop training programs, plans and lessons that meet the objectives/intent of the United States Army rifle marksmanship program. This manual is organized to lead the trainer through the material needed to conduct training. Preliminary subjects include discussions on mechanical training, the weapons' capabilities, and the principles and fundamentals of marksmanship. Live-fire applications are scheduled after the soldier has demonstrated preliminary skills. The procedures and methods used in the Army rifle marksmanship program are based on the concept that soldiers must be skilled marksmen who can effectively apply their firing skills in combat.