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Zoopolis: A Political Theory of Animal Rights

von Sue Donaldson, Will Kymlicka (Autor)

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Zoopolis offers a new agenda for the theory and practice of animal rights. Most animal rights theory focuses on the intrinsic capacities or interests of animals, and the moral status and moral rights that these intrinsic characteristics give rise to. Zoopolis shifts the debate from the real of moral theory and applied ethics to the realm of political theory, focusing on the relational obligations that arise from the varied ways that animals relate to human societies and institutions. Building on recent developments in the political theory of group-differentiated citizenship, Zoopolis introduces us to the genuine "political animal." It argues that different types of animals stand in different relationships to human political communities. Domesticated animals should be seen as full members of human-animal mixed communities, participating in the cooperative project of shared citizenship. Wilderness animals, by contrast, form their own sovereign communities entitled to protection against colonization, invasion, domination, and other threats to self-determination. "Liminal" animals who are wild but live in the midst of human settlement (such as crows or raccoons) should be seen as "denizens", residents of our societies, but not fully included in rights and responsibilities of citizenship. To all of these animals we owe respect for their basic inviolable rights, but we inevitably and appropriately have very different relations with them, with different types of obligations. Humans and animals are inextricably bound in a complex web of relationships, and Zoopolis offers an original and profoundly affirmative vision of how to ground this complex web of relations on principles of justice and compassion.… (mehr)
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Durante el siglo XX y comienzos del XXI, el movimiento en defensa de los animales ha ganado algunas batallas. En nuestro país, por ejemplo, el Congreso de los Diputados acaba de aprobar, en diciembre de 2017, una ley según la cual los animales ya no son considerados «cosas» sino «seres sintientes». Es un victoria, por supuesto, pero la guerra se sigue perdiendo de largo: a pesar de esta nueva ley, los animales seguirán siendo propiedades, se los podrá comprar y vender, se los podrá usar en espectáculos, así como maltratar y sacrificar en beneficio de los humanos. De hecho, la magnitud de la explotación animal sigue creciendo en todo el planeta: actualmente los humanos matan a 56.000 millones de animales al año, tres veces más que en 1980. Cualquier persona preocupada por el destino de los animales debe entender como una prioridad la salida de este punto muerto de carácter político. Para ello, además del imprescindible activismo, necesitamos un cambio radical de paradigma teórico. Es lo que propone este libro imprescindible que ha revolucionado el pensamiento sobre la «cuestión animal», yendo más allá de la insuficiente y nebulosa teoría tradicional de los derechos animales (según la cual los animales domésticos deberían extinguirse y los animales salvajes ser dejados en paz).

A partir de la idea de igualdad moral, autonomía y prosperidad para todos los seres sintientes y con intereses propios, los autores plantean un nuevo modelo integral de las relaciones entre seres humanos y animales, así como de los distintos modos en que los propios animales pueden vincularse con las instituciones políticas, las prácticas de soberanía del estado y las nociones de ciudadanía, territorio, pertenencia, autonomía, colonización o migración. Se conforma así la base de una nueva comunidad (de humanos y animales) regida por un concepto compartido de justicia.
  bibliotecayamaguchi | Mar 20, 2018 |
This book can be summarized quite quickly: the authors argue that justice for animals should be conceived politically. Political animal rights would mean citizenship for domesticated animals, sovereignty for wild animals, and denizenship for liminal animals who live among humans without being domesticated. Much of the book is focused on defining these three animal groups, but the authors also illuminate their threefold categorization by drawing parallels to disabled people, sovereign countries, and denizens such as economic migrants and the Amish.

Clearly this is a trailblazing book with some truly novel ideas. As such, it is understandable that the arguments are broad and probing, but not particularly detailed or complex. The authors focus on presenting, as clearly as possible, a framework for others to build on. This is a good decision, since a more detailed mapping of political animal rights would probably have reduced the prospective readership of this book significantly.

As it stands, this book is a great starting point for conceiving animal rights, and animals themselves, in a new light. The authors recognize that political theory won’t improve the miserable position of most animals in contemporary society, but setting a preliminary political agenda for a future society which involves both humans and animals could still be an important achievement some day.
  thcson | Aug 15, 2016 |
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AutorennameRolleArt des AutorsWerk?Status
Sue DonaldsonHauptautoralle Ausgabenberechnet
Kymlicka, WillAutorHauptautoralle Ausgabenbestätigt
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Zoopolis offers a new agenda for the theory and practice of animal rights. Most animal rights theory focuses on the intrinsic capacities or interests of animals, and the moral status and moral rights that these intrinsic characteristics give rise to. Zoopolis shifts the debate from the real of moral theory and applied ethics to the realm of political theory, focusing on the relational obligations that arise from the varied ways that animals relate to human societies and institutions. Building on recent developments in the political theory of group-differentiated citizenship, Zoopolis introduces us to the genuine "political animal." It argues that different types of animals stand in different relationships to human political communities. Domesticated animals should be seen as full members of human-animal mixed communities, participating in the cooperative project of shared citizenship. Wilderness animals, by contrast, form their own sovereign communities entitled to protection against colonization, invasion, domination, and other threats to self-determination. "Liminal" animals who are wild but live in the midst of human settlement (such as crows or raccoons) should be seen as "denizens", residents of our societies, but not fully included in rights and responsibilities of citizenship. To all of these animals we owe respect for their basic inviolable rights, but we inevitably and appropriately have very different relations with them, with different types of obligations. Humans and animals are inextricably bound in a complex web of relationships, and Zoopolis offers an original and profoundly affirmative vision of how to ground this complex web of relations on principles of justice and compassion.

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