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A Chosen Exile: A History of Racial Passing in American Life

von Allyson Hobbs

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1143237,579 (3.75)19
Between the eighteenth and mid-twentieth centuries, countless African Americans passed as white, leaving behind families and friends, roots and community. It was, as Allyson Hobbs writes, a chosen exile, a separation from one racial identity and the leap into another. This revelatory history of passing explores the possibilities and challenges that racial indeterminacy presented to men and women living in a country obsessed with racial distinctions. It also tells a tale of loss. As racial relations in America have evolved so has the significance of passing. To pass as white in the antebellum South was to escape the shackles of slavery. After emancipation, many African Americans came to regard passing as a form of betrayal, a selling of one's birthright. When the initially hopeful period of Reconstruction proved short-lived, passing became an opportunity to defy Jim Crow and strike out on one's own. Although black Americans who adopted white identities reaped benefits of expanded opportunity and mobility, Hobbs helps us to recognize and understand the grief, loneliness, and isolation that accompanied-and often outweighed-these rewards. By the dawning of the civil rights era, more and more racially mixed Americans felt the loss of kin and community was too much to bear, that it was time to "pass out" and embrace a black identity. Although recent decades have witnessed an increasingly multiracial society and a growing acceptance of hybridity, the problem of race and identity remains at the center of public debate and emotionally fraught personal decisions.… (mehr)
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2.5 stars, but we round up in my family.

Very repetitive writing - the author tells us what she's going to tell us, then tells it to us, then recaps what she just told us, for each new bit of information. In fact, almost everything that's covered in the book is covered in the prologue, so if you are strapped for time you could just read that. Basically, the author took a topic that is fascinating and rather juicy and made it almost boring via lackluster writing.

( )
  blueskygreentrees | Jul 30, 2023 |
This book is a history of racial passing from the antebellum period until the civil rights era, with an epilogue commenting on the present era (late 20th to early 21st century). The first chapter presents passing in the antebellum period as status-based (from slavery to freedom) rather than race-based (from black to white). The second chapter covers Reconstruction, when the author contends that light-skinned African Americans who could have passed as white chose not to because of the optimism of the era. Chapter 3 looks at the establishment of the Jim Crow era that eroded the progress of the Reconstruction era, and the choices that some African Americans made to pass as white to pursue careers and other opportunities that were denied to African Americans. Chapter 4 provides case studies of three mixed race individuals (Jean Toomer, Nella Larsen, and Langston Hughes) and the racial identities they formed during the Harlem Renaissance. Chapter 5 examines the psychological impact of passing and provides examples of African Americans who chose to stop passing for white and to reassume black identities in the post-World War II era.

I found the premise of the book more interesting than its execution. If this were a theological argument, I would describe it as proof texting. It seems like the author chose examples to fit her hypotheses, rather than basing her hypotheses on assembled evidence. This is particularly apparent in chapter 2, which is all about individuals who chose not to pass during Reconstruction. Is it true that virtually no mixed race African Americans chose to pass in this era? Or did they pass so successfully that they didn’t leave a record trail for the author to find? ( )
  cbl_tn | Feb 11, 2022 |
Author Allyson Hobbs tackles the topic of what it was like to be a black person with skin light enough to pass. Some chose to do so even with the risk of discovery. Those discovered often lost jobs and social position. "Passing" meant they could not associate with other black people, and the inability to interact with friends and family sometimes led them to embrace their blackness. While the author tells an important story, the book's academic writing style limits its audience. I believe the book's impact would be tremendous if written for a popular audience and with shorter sentences and more active verb choices instead of the passive tenses and "be" verbs typical of much academic writing. The author's citations demonstrate the breadth of her research. ( )
1 abstimmen thornton37814 | Feb 6, 2022 |
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The sunny summer Sunday afternoons in Harlem
when the air is one interminable ball game
and grandma cannot get her gospel hymns
from the Saints of God in Christ
on account of the Dodgers on the radio,
on sunny Sunday afternoons
when the kids look all new
and far too clean to stay that way,
and Harlem has its
washed-and-ironed-and-cleaned-best out,
the ones who've crossed the line
to live downtown
miss you,
Harlem of the bitter dream,
since their dream has
come true.

-------------------Langston Hughes
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For my parents,
Al and Joyce Hobbs,
Who make everything possible

And in memory of my sister,
Sharon Rose Hobbs Bell,
The loveliest rose in the world
And the brightest star in the sky
Erste Worte
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On a sizzling summer morning in the late 1930s, a young girl waited on the curb of South Park Boulevard on Chicago's South Side for the Bud Billiken Parade to begin.
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Wikipedia auf Englisch (1)

Between the eighteenth and mid-twentieth centuries, countless African Americans passed as white, leaving behind families and friends, roots and community. It was, as Allyson Hobbs writes, a chosen exile, a separation from one racial identity and the leap into another. This revelatory history of passing explores the possibilities and challenges that racial indeterminacy presented to men and women living in a country obsessed with racial distinctions. It also tells a tale of loss. As racial relations in America have evolved so has the significance of passing. To pass as white in the antebellum South was to escape the shackles of slavery. After emancipation, many African Americans came to regard passing as a form of betrayal, a selling of one's birthright. When the initially hopeful period of Reconstruction proved short-lived, passing became an opportunity to defy Jim Crow and strike out on one's own. Although black Americans who adopted white identities reaped benefits of expanded opportunity and mobility, Hobbs helps us to recognize and understand the grief, loneliness, and isolation that accompanied-and often outweighed-these rewards. By the dawning of the civil rights era, more and more racially mixed Americans felt the loss of kin and community was too much to bear, that it was time to "pass out" and embrace a black identity. Although recent decades have witnessed an increasingly multiracial society and a growing acceptance of hybridity, the problem of race and identity remains at the center of public debate and emotionally fraught personal decisions.

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