This Safety Report is a compilation of detailed information on the processes and materials involved in the titanium dioxide and related industries and on the radiological considerations that need to be taken into account by the regulatory body when determining the nature and extent of radiation protection measures. It has been developed as part of the IAEA's programme on the application of its safety standards in the field of radiation, transport and waste safety. The information provided will assist in the implementation of a graded approach to regulation, in terms of which the application of the requirements of the safety standards is commensurate with the characteristics of the practice or source and with the magnitude and likelihood of the exposures. Although aimed primarily at the titanium dioxide industry, this publication is also relevant to industries involved in the mining and beneficiation of mineral sands for the extraction of heavy minerals such as zircon, monazite and ilmenite.