What is fascism and why has this form of reactionary mass politics continued to attract adherents? In this new book, David Renton, a specialist on fascism and anti-fascism, traces the rise of European fascism in the inter-war years. Key issues such as the condition of Weimar Germany, the character of British fascism, the Battle of Cable Street and the early life of Adolf Hitler are reconsidered in the light of new research. Equally important, the author considers the work of inter-war anti-fascists, men like Albert Einstein, and the wide range of anti-fascist artists whose degenerate art was banned by the Nazis, who were nonetheless fascinated by it. The post-war American Nazi party and its extraordinary leader George Lincoln Rockwell is also considered, through it grew out of the very different circumstances of the Cold War.