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Lädt ... The Hour of Eugenics: Race, Gender, and Nation in Latin Americavon Nancy Leys Stepan
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Eugenics was a term coined in 1883 to name the scientific and social theory which advocated "race improvement" through selective human breeding. In Europe and the United States the eugenics movement found many supporters before it was finally discredited by its association with the racist ideology of Nazi Germany. Examining for the first time how eugenics was taken up by scientists and social reformers in Latin America, Nancy Leys Stepan compares the eugenics movements in Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina with the more familiar cases of Britain, the United States, and Germany.In this highly original account, Stepan sheds new light on the role of science in reformulating issues of race, gender, reproduction, and public health in an era when the focus on national identity was particularly intense. Drawing upon a rich body of evidence concerning the technical publications and professional meetings of Latin American eugenicists, she examines how they adapted eugenic principles to local contexts between the world wars. Stepan shows that Latin American eugenicists diverged considerably from their counterparts in Europe and the United States in their ideological approach and their interpretations of key texts concerning heredity. Keine Bibliotheksbeschreibungen gefunden. |
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Stepan argues that understanding eugenics in Latin America can help us to understand better both the history of science and the history of Latin America. Latin America has generally been left out of intellectual histories, as most scholars have preferred to view it as a passive receptor of ideas rather than as a generator of its own scientific knowledge. Through her analysis of eugenics as practiced in Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil, Stepan easily refutes these generalizations about Latin American intellectual underdevelopment. Additionally, her work echos that of Thomas Kuhn and his arguments about cultural changes that lead to changes in scientific knowledge, rather than the other way around. Stepan shows that Latin Americans did indeed understand eugenic theories, but that they adapted them to try to solve persistent social problems that seemed to be linked to mixed race people and national underdevelopment. Because of the focus on using eugenics to solve social problems, Latin American eugenics developed very differently from its scary counterparts in the U.S. and Nazi Germany.
This book is well researched, drawing on literature that treats the history of science both inside and outside of Latin America, as well as incorporating archival research from various Latin American groups devoted to developing eugenic sciences.
This has been a really good book to teach with and it has provoked a lot of thoughtful discussion from students. ( )