The World Health Organization (WHO) first published guidance for national tuberculosis control programs on managing tuberculosis in children in 2006. The Guidance follows the principles of a public health approach aimed at optimizing outcomes, including the quality of life and survival, of children with tuberculosis; it also serves as a reference tool for countries to adopt and adapt according to their national circumstances. Since the publication of the Guidance in 2006, novel evidence has become available concerning the correct dosages of medicines for the treatment of tuberculosis in children. The aim of this revised guideline is to establish standards for high-quality treatment of tuberculosis in children by providing evidence-based recommendations while considering the risks and benefits, acceptability, feasibility, cost and financial implications.