Injustice flourished as the racially turbulent South entered the 1960s. And black American citizens protested racial inequity and outright brutality, they often ended up in jail. But---when a church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama, killed four young black girls in 1963; or in 1964 when three civil rights workers were murdered in Mississippi---arrests came slowly, if at all, and convictions rarely held. When Martin Luther KIng, Jr. openly criticized the FBI in dealing with matters of race, the Bureau's director, J. Edgar Hoover, called him "a liar". Elsewhere he called King "a degenerate." The personal biases of Hoover as much as his Bureau's policy generated thousands of pages in the FBI file on the man who inspired a nation with his dream of racial equality and human justice.