Blaise Pascal (1623–1662)
Autor von Pensées
Über den Autor
French Mathematician Blaise Pascal did much to set in motion what is known today as modern mathematics. An unusually creative mathematician, he developed a number of theorems and mathematical structures, including the beginnings of probability theory and a more sophisticated understanding of the mehr anzeigen geometry of conic structures. At the age of 16, Pascal wrote a brilliant paper on conics; the paper consisted of one single printed page on which he states his major theorem - the opposite sides of any hexagon inscribed in a cone intersect in a straight line. This theorem led Pascal to develop several hundred related theorems in geometry. Pascal's activities, however, were not confined to pure mathematics. When he was about 19 years old, he built a calculating machine that he demonstrated to the king of France. It worked well enough to allow him to build and sell about 50 of them over a few years' time. His work on problems in atmospheric pressure eventually resulted in an early version of the gas law. At the age of 25, Pascal entered a Jansenist monastery to begin an ascetic life of study and argument. However, he continued his mathematical work. With Pierre de Fermat, Pascal laid the foundation for the theory of probability. In 1654, Pascal's friend, the Chevelier de Mere, had asked him to analyze a problem arising from a game of chance. Pascal in turn exchanged a number of letters with Fermat about the problem. This correspondence became the starting point for a theory of probability. However, neither published the ideas developed in the correspondence. The letters did inspire one of Pascal's contemporaries, Christian Huygens of Holland, to publish in 1657 a short tract on the mathematics of games involving dice. Pascal's name is now attached to "Pascals' Triangle" of binomial coefficients which plays and important role in the study combinations and probability. The triangle was known at least 600 years before Pascal became interested in it, but because of his contributions to its study, the triangle eventually became associated with his name. A sensitive and temperamental man, Pascal was obsessed with religious philosophy, a subject on which he wrote extensively. In his general philosophy he was very much taken with the concept of the infinite, which unsettled him and inspired in him a sense of awe. Over a period of years, he wrote on many religious, philosophical, and mathematical subjects. His notes and letters were edited and published posthumously as his Pensees. (Bowker Author Biography) weniger anzeigen
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Reihen
Werke von Blaise Pascal
The Mind on Fire: An Anthology of the Writings of Blaise Pascal (Classics of Faith and Devotion) (1989) 268 Exemplare
Pensees: No 1 18 Exemplare
Selected "Pensees" and Provincial Letters/Pensees et Provinciales choisies: A Dual-Language Book (Dover Dual Language… (2004) 17 Exemplare
Tankar. 2 11 Exemplare
Gedanken : eine Auswahl 11 Exemplare
Delphi Collected Works of Blaise Pascal (Illustrated) (Delphi Series Eleven Book 2) (2020) 7 Exemplare
The physical treatises of Pascal; the equilibrium of liquids and the weight of the mass of the air (1973) 6 Exemplare
Scientific Treatises 6 Exemplare
Pensées sur la religion et sur quelques autres sujets, qui ont esté trouvées après sa mort parmy ses papiers (2011) 6 Exemplare
Pascal 6 Exemplare
Pensamentos escolhidos 5 Exemplare
Coleção Grandes Obras do Pensamento Universal (pascal - Do Espítito Geométrico / Pensamentos) (2006) 5 Exemplare
Gedachten over den Mensch en zijn Leven 4 Exemplare
Discurso acerca de las pasiones del amor y otros opúsculos (Centzontle (Paperback)) (2010) 4 Exemplare
(Blaise) Pascal Pensées / Brunschvicg / Léon Brunschvicg --- (Edition Lutetia - Nelson Editeurs Paris -… (1949) 4 Exemplare
Les provinciales : (extraits) avec une notice biographique une notice historique et littéraire 3 Exemplare
Blaise Pascal : Oeuvres compltes - annotes et en franais moderne - Arvensa Editions (French Edition) 3 Exemplare
uvres compltes / 3 Exemplare
Pascal's Pensees & The Provincial Letters. 3 Exemplare
Tankar och Smärre Skrifter 3 Exemplare
The life of Mr. Paschal with his letters relating to the Jesuits. In two volumes. Translated into English by W. A. (2010) 3 Exemplare
Die Kunst zu überzeugen und die anderen kleineren philosophischen und religiösen Schriften (1963) 3 Exemplare
Pascal 3 Exemplare
Os Pensadores 16 . Volume XVI . Pascal 2 Exemplare
Les provinciales : extraits 2 Exemplare
Opuscoli e lettere 2 Exemplare
Oeuvres Completes 2 Exemplare
Myśli oraz Rozprawa o kondycji możnych ; Modlitwa o dobry użytek chorób ; Rozprawa o namiętnościach… (2004) 2 Exemplare
L'œuvre de Pascal 2 Exemplare
Os pensadores: Pascal 2 Exemplare
O Espírito da Geometria - Da Arte de Persuadir 2 Exemplare
Gedanken 2 Exemplare
Les provinciales II 2 Exemplare
La morale dei gesuiti (dalle Provinciali) 2 Exemplare
Les provinciales, Ecrits des curés de Paris (Pierre Nicole et Jean Racine), Lettres (Le père Daniel),… 2 Exemplare
Thoughts [Part II] 2 Exemplare
Thoughts [Part I] 2 Exemplare
Lettres crites un provincial / 2 Exemplare
Le manuscrit des Pensées de Pascal 2 Exemplare
Svět Blaise Pascala 2 Exemplare
La morale dei gesuiti 2 Exemplare
Blaise Pascal. Les Provinciales : . Écrits des curés de Paris. Pierre Nicole et Jean Racine. Lettres. Le Père… (1962) 2 Exemplare
Τα πάθη του έρωτα 2 Exemplare
Discours sur la religion et sur quelques autres sujets qui ont été trouvés après sa mort parmi ses papiers (1992) 2 Exemplare
Opuscoli e lettere 2 Exemplare
Eloge et Pensees de Pascal: v. 80A (Oeuvres Completes de Voltaire) (Vol 80A) (French Edition) (2008) 2 Exemplare
El la "Pensoj" de Blazio Paskalo 2 Exemplare
Pascal 2 Exemplare
Pensées et opuscules philosophiques, extraits... avec une notice... par Fernand Flutre,... 1 Exemplar
Solitudine e storia. Antologia degli scritti 1 Exemplar
Pascal. Provinciales . Lettres I, II, IV, XIII, publiées avec une notice biographique, une notice… 1 Exemplar
Blaise Pascal. Lettres écrites à un Provincial : . Chronologie et introduction par Antoine Adam (1967) 1 Exemplar
Pensees - Enhanced (Illustrated) 1 Exemplar
Pascal Pens̩es 1 Exemplar
PROVINCIALES - COLLECTION LIBERTE N°6 1 Exemplar
Pensees de B. Pascal: edition de 1670 1 Exemplar
Refleksije u samoći 1 Exemplar
Pensées or, Thoughts on Religion 1 Exemplar
Pascal: Pensamentos 1 Exemplar
Pensées su la religion (2 Vols) 1 Exemplar
Oeuvres De Blaise Pascal, Pub. Suivant L'ordre Chronologique Avec Documents Complémentaires, Introductions Et Notes,… (2012) 1 Exemplar
Discours de la condition de l'homme 1 Exemplar
Pascal. Pensées et Opuscules : . Avec une notice biographique, une notice historique et littéraire, des… (1954) 1 Exemplar
LES PROVINCIALES de Blaise Pascal. Avec une préface et des notes par Auguste Molinier. (2 volumes) 1 Exemplar
Les Pensées de Blaise Pascal. Texte revu sur le manuscrit autographe - Tome I et II - 2 volumes 1 Exemplar
Treatise on the Arithmetical Triangle 1 Exemplar
Thoughts on Religion, and Other Curious Subjects. Written Originally in French by Monsieur Pascal. Translated Into… (2018) 1 Exemplar
On Geometrical Demonstration 1 Exemplar
Œuvre 1 Exemplar
L'homme est un roseau pensant: Pensées (Liasses I-XV) (Folio Sagesses) (French Edition) (2016) 1 Exemplar
New Experiments Concerning the Vacuum 1 Exemplar
Lettre à un provincial 1 Exemplar
The Gospel of the Gospels: Abrege De LA Vie De Jesus Christ (Archives of Ancient Art) (English, French and French… (1999) 1 Exemplar
Preface to the Treatise on the Vacuum 1 Exemplar
Oeuvres choisies 1 Exemplar
Selected Thoughts of Blaise Pascal 1 Exemplar
Coleção Os Pensadores: Pensamentos 1 Exemplar
Pensees and The Provincial Letters — Autor — 1 Exemplar
The Harvard Classics, Vol. 48: Blaise Pascal 1 Exemplar
Lettres provinciales 1 Exemplar
Minor Works of Blaise Pascal 1 Exemplar
Misli 1 Exemplar
Treatise on the Arithmetical Triangle ; Correspondence with Fermat on the Theory of Probabilities 1 Exemplar
Pensées présenté par Jean Guitton 1 Exemplar
Les provinciales I 1 Exemplar
Pascal - De Store Tænkere 1 Exemplar
Pensieri Lettere provinciali 1 Exemplar
Lettres Provinciales: Book I 1 Exemplar
Frammenti vol. 1. Testo francese a fronte 1 Exemplar
Pascal. Pensées : Extraits. Avec une notice biographique... des notes... par Robert Barrault 1 Exemplar
Voilà ce que c'est que la foi: 15 textes présentés et commentés par Jean de Saint-Cheron (2023) 1 Exemplar
PENSEES - THE PROVINICAL LETTERS 1 Exemplar
Variety 1 Exemplar
Pensées. Choisies par G. Michaut 1 Exemplar
Oeuvres Completes, tomes I,II,III,IV 1 Exemplar
Pensées - Enhanced Version 1 Exemplar
Sentez 1 Exemplar
Les Provinciales 1 Exemplar
The World's Great Classics Pensees 1 Exemplar
The Penses / 1 Exemplar
Les pensées de Pascal : reproduites d'après le texte autographe, disposées selon le plan… 1 Exemplar
Frammenti vol. 2. Testo francese a fronte 1 Exemplar
Generation of conic sections 1 Exemplar
Compendio della vita di Gesù Cristo 1 Exemplar
Scritti sulla grazia 1 Exemplar
Pense¿¿es 1 Exemplar
Pense¿¿es. The provincial letters 1 Exemplar
Myšlenky 1 Exemplar
Pensées, Fragments Et Lettres de Blaise Pascal, Vol. 2: Publiés pour la Première Fois Conformément aux Manuscrits… (2017) 1 Exemplar
Selections from the Thoughts of Pascal 1 Exemplar
Opuscules et lettres de Pascal 1 Exemplar
Das Ich besteht in meinem Denken: Aus den »Gedanken«. [Was bedeutet das alles?] (Reclams… (2017) 1 Exemplar
Thoughts - An Apology for Christianity 1 Exemplar
Relación de la gran experiencia del equilibrio de los líquidos Récit de la grande… (1981) 1 Exemplar
Thoughts : Letters ; Minor works 1 Exemplar
Selections from the Thoughts of Pascal, translated from the French, with an introduction by Benjamin E. Smith (1902) 1 Exemplar
Oeuvres completes 1 Exemplar
[Pensieri] 2 1 Exemplar
Pascal's apology for religion 1 Exemplar
Pensées de Pascal, publiées d'après le texte authentique... avec des notes... et une notice… (1879) 1 Exemplar
Scrieri alese 1 Exemplar
Pascal's pensées : or, thoughts on religion 1 Exemplar
El hombre con Dios (Pensamientos) 1 Exemplar
Prose scientifiche e filosofiche 1 Exemplar
Œuvres, tome IV 1 Exemplar
Œuvres, tome V 1 Exemplar
Tankar : II 1 Exemplar
Pensieri Misero, grande uomo 1 Exemplar
Les provinciales de Pascal 1 Exemplar
Il mistero di Cristo : il Memoriale, il mistero di Gesù, dai Pensieri, compendio della vita di G. C. 1 Exemplar
Oeuvres Completes de Blaise Pascal, vol I 1 Exemplar
Auswahl und Einleitung: Reinhold Schneider 1 Exemplar
Pensées de Pascal, suivi du Discours de la méthode, par Descartes (French Edition) (2020) 1 Exemplar
Blaise Pascal. Pensées et opuscules : Publiés avec une introduction, des notices, des notes par M.… (1946) 1 Exemplar
Pensieri. Terza ed. Traduzione introduzione e note di Paolo Serini. I millenni; 56. (1962) 1 Exemplar
Pascals Breve 1 Exemplar
Les Provinviales ; Penseés 1 Exemplar
Discours sur les passions de l'amour - avec des vers inédits - collection "Classiques" (1947) 1 Exemplar
De l'esprit géométrique : Ecrits sur la Grâce et autres textes by Blaise Pascal (1993-03-05) (1656) 1 Exemplar
Œuvres de Blaise Pascal 1 Exemplar
Gedanken mit den Anmerkungen Voltaires 1 Exemplar
Pascal - Colecao os Pensadores - Volume XVI 1 Exemplar
Pascal. Pensées et opuscles 1 Exemplar
Le Coeur et ses raisons / Logik des Herzens. Zweisprachig. Auswahl, Übersetzung und Nachwort von Fritz Paepcke. (1963) 1 Exemplar
Pascal. Les Provinciales : Ou les Lettres écrites par Louis de Montalte à un provincial de ses amis et aux RR. PP.… (1965) 1 Exemplar
Pensieri scelta 1 Exemplar
Lettres écrites a un provincial 1 Exemplar
Pensées. Notes on religion and other subjects. Edited with an introduction and notes by Louis Lafuma. Translated… (1961) 1 Exemplar
Selected Thoughts of Blaise Pascal. Translated and edited by Gertrude Burford Rawlings (1900) 1 Exemplar
Tankar 1 1 Exemplar
Oeuvres complètes de Blaise Pascal 1 Exemplar
PENSEES 2 1 Exemplar
Pensees de Blaise Pascal Sur La Religion Et Sur Quelques Autres Sujets... (French Edition) (2012) 1 Exemplar
Pansees, The Provincial Letters 1 Exemplar
Zugehörige Werke
The Philosopher's Handbook: Essential Readings from Plato to Kant (2000) — Mitwirkender — 200 Exemplare
The Middle Ages to the 17th Century: Literature of the Western World (1961) — Mitwirkender, einige Ausgaben — 23 Exemplare
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Wissenswertes
- Rechtmäßiger Name
- Pascal, Blaise
- Andere Namen
- Montalte, Louis de
- Geburtstag
- 1623-06-19
- Todestag
- 1662-08-19
- Begräbnisort
- Saint-Étienne-du-Mont, Paris, France
- Geschlecht
- male
- Nationalität
- France
- Geburtsort
- Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Sterbeort
- Paris, France
- Wohnorte
- Clermont-Ferrand, France
Paris, France
Rouen, France
Port-Royal Abbey, Paris, France - Ausbildung
- at home
- Berufe
- mathematician
physicist
theologian
philosopher
inventor
scientist - Beziehungen
- Périer-Pascal, Gilberte (zuster)
- Kurzbiographie
- Blaise Pascal was born in Clermont-Ferrand, France. His parents were Antoinette Bégon and Étienne Pascal, a local magistrate and presiding judge of the tax court there. He had two sisters, Gilberte and Jacqueline. Their mother died in 1626, when Blaise was three, and a few years later the family moved to Paris. Étienne Pascal, also a mathematician and natural philosopher who was proficient in Latin and Greek, devoted himself to the education of his children, who all showed exceptional abilities. Although often ill and in pain, Blaise proved to be talented in mathematics and science from a young age. In 1640, at age 16. he published an essay on conic sections, Essai pour les coniques, which won praise as an important contribution to the relatively new field of projective geometry. Between 1642 and 1644, Pascal conceived and constructed a calculating device, known as the Pascaline, the world's first mechanical calculator. In 1646, Etienne fell and fractured his leg and seriously injured his hip; he received medical treatment from two brothers who were disciples of Jean du Vergier de Hauranne, abbé de Saint-Cyran and director of the abbey of Port-Royal in Paris. The abbé Saint-Cyran had introduced an austere moral and theological creed known as Jansenism and the whole Pascal family converted. Pascal became devoutly religious and his sister Jacqueline eventually became a Jansenist nun. Over the next few years, Pascal tested the theories of Galileo and of Evangelista Torricelli. In a famous experiment in 1648, he had his brother-in-law take barometric readings at various altitudes on the Puy-de-Dôme, the highest mountain in the Auvergne, so he could test Torricelli's ideas on atmospheric pressure. During this time, Pascal invented the syringe and the hydraulic press. The years 1651–1654 were another period of intense scientific work for Pascal, during which he composed treatises on the equilibrium of liquid solutions, on the weight and density of air, and on the arithmetic triangle. Together with Pierre de Fermat, he created the calculus of probabilities. Pascal had a carriage accident in November 1654 in which he narrowly escaped death, and considered this a summons to begin a new life in seclusion from the world. He entered the abbey of Port-Royal and remained there until his death at age 39 in 1662. The two works for which he is chiefly remembered, Lettres Provinciales (1657) and the Pensées (1658), date from the years of his life at Port-Royal. Pascal's contributions to science have been honored in a variety of ways. In 1972, Nicklaus Wirth named his new computer language Pascal. The Pascal (symbol Pa) is the unit of pressure designated by the International System of Units.
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