Many European, Latin-American and Asian countries do have experiences of regional policies aiming to reduce regional disparities in GDP per cápita and/or to develop or to recover their declining and problem-regions. Spain represents, without any doubt, a very rich and interesting case-study regarding regional problems and regional development policies. The aim of this book is not only to analyse regional policies practised, their objectives, instruments and effects, but to develop in-depth analysis on the impacts of investments in infrastructures, human capital and other factors, as well as the advances accomplished in terms of productivity, convergence and regional competitiveness. All this is particularly oriented to get some lessons which can be useful for policy-makers of other countries.The contributions selected have been written by prestigious Spanish academics, most of them having also practical experiences in the field.