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Kingdom of Characters: The Language Revolution That Made China Modern

von Jing Tsu

MitgliederRezensionenBeliebtheitDurchschnittliche BewertungDiskussionen
19310140,788 (3.7)19
"After a meteoric rise, China today is one of the world's most powerful nations. Just a century ago, it was a crumbling empire, with literacy reserved for the elite few. In Kingdom of Characters, Jing Tsu argues that China's greatest and most daunting challenge was a linguistic one. Just as important as China's technological and industrial advances and political maneuvers was the century-long fight to make the Chinese language-with its many dialects and complex character-based script-accessible to the modern world of global trade and digital technology. Kingdom of Characters follows the bold and cunning innovators who adapted the Chinese language to a world defined by the West and its alphabet: the exiled reformer who risked a death sentence to advocate for Mandarin as a national language, the Chinese Muslim poet who laid the groundwork for Chairman Mao's phonetic writing system, the imprisoned computer engineer who devised input codes for Chinese characters on the lid of a tea cup, among others. Without the advances they enabled, China might never have become the dominating force we know today. The revolution of the Chinese script is just as breathtaking as China's transformation into a capitalist juggernaut, in large part because those linguistic innovations literally enabled China's reinvention. With larger-than-life characters and an unexpected perspective on the major events of China's tumultuous twentieth century, Tsu reveals how language is both a technology to be perfected and a subtle yet potent power to be exercised and expanded"--… (mehr)
Kürzlich hinzugefügt vonEli_Gershenfeld, Sandulli, CaiTippett, szechu, rperlin, pval14
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Occasionally I would be reading this book and suddenly a realization would wash over me that this was all incredibly boring. I mean I never thought I would read a book on Chinese phototypesetting or the invention of the Unicode international standard. I picked up this book after hearing the author appear on a really interesting episode of the Sinica podcast. I think it's great to have a book like this written in English by a native Chinese speaker. I mostly brought to it an interest in the linguistic aspects of Chinese, and maybe expected something a little more in that vein - instead this book is mostly about technology and path of rapid development taken by China in the last 50 years. This is, of course, a highly relevant topic for some folks, and does carry some interest for me - just not enough to hold me for several hundred pages.

The best parts of this book for me were the ones that dealt with the features of Chinese culture, language, and writing that set it apart from the other languages participating in the technological revolution of the last 200 years. As I was reading it, I couldn't help but share little tidbits of information learned with friends and coworkers about how arduous modernizing the Chinese language was. As an Anglo, and a member of Latin-script using Western Culture, it's difficult to understand how alienating it must have been for Chinese speakers to discover that the whole world was being built on technology that had no adequate way to incorporate your language. The sheer mindfuck of designing a hanzi typewriter, or making telegraphy work with Chinese characters never occurred to me before reading this book. As much as globalization has done to damage our societies and planet, the ability of human beings to find ways to cross linguistic and cultural boundaries that a first glace seem untraversable is something to marvel at (perhaps cower before). I don't think the average person really appreciates how amazing it is for someone to, with a single keystroke, switch between English and 中文, or to summon up a single character among tens of thousands in the blink of an eye. It's only after comparing a convenience that has become mundane to how people used to do it (usually mind-numbingly tedious) that we can truly appreciate how far, and how quickly we've come.

We've had to scale innumerable logistical Mt. Everests to make our modern world possible, and this book was worth reading merely to appreciate that fact as it relates to Chinese. Where it lost me sometimes was the long-winded biographical dives that devoted lots of white space to people and stories that were not as interesting as the technology they begat. Jing Tsu seems to be following the modern journalistic/non-fiction convention that we always need a "character" to latch onto, to ground the information being shared in a lifetime's experience. This being the prevailing style, I can't blame her for doing just that in a book geared for popular readership, but there were several times where my mind sort of shut off as she was describing the twists and turns of a particular idea or technology as it wound its way through the lives of various people, governmental agencies, or computer labs. I honestly couldn't tell you the name of any of the many inventors, linguists, and computer scientists that she talks about in this book. What does stick out is the advances they fomented. Jing Tsu seems to be trying to reclaim these folks from obscurity, and show how they contributed to bringing Chinese into the modern era. However, it is perhaps only natural that the particulars of these people's lives are lost to history even as their developments loom large. Despite popular conception, history is mostly made by tiny changes accumulated over the span of years and countless overlapping lifetimes. That these lifetimes when viewed in the abstract may not hold our interest is not a slight on those who lived them - it's the work that serves as their legacy. ( )
  hdeanfreemanjr | Jan 29, 2024 |
Fascinating book for a non Chinese speaker about how the Chinese language written in hundreds of thousands of different characters came to be systematised to make it usable in such things as typewriting, telegrams, library catalogues and computers. ( )
  Steve38 | Dec 20, 2023 |
What an interesting book! This book traces the evolution of Chinese written language from ancient times to the present.. What is so interesting is why China got behind the rest of the world in many areas. In Europe and other countries there was an alphabet with twenty six letters with which you can express almost anything. In China they have well over five thousand complicated characters that are hard to reproduce and considered an art form. So, it takes centuries to produce keyboards and other means to express Chinese language to the masses. ( )
  muddyboy | Oct 27, 2023 |
The issues that faced the Chinese when dealing with the written Chinese language also faced the Japanese. At points in this book, the Japanese case is mentioned. However, I am still confused about the situation in the first chapter where, it appears, the Chinese were facing a nearly impossible task in creating a phonetic system for writing Chinese in the late 1800s. Meanwhile the Japanese, with a language also written in adapted Chinese characters, had managed to render their own language phonetically in hiragana and katakana some 800 years earlier. How is it possible that the Chinese failed to notice this and attempt to do something similar until so many years later? This question bothered me a lot as I read this book. It seems like a huge omission by the author. I understand that Chinese characters can be read differently depending on the variety of Chinese used, but lutimately, it appears they settled on something similar to hiragana in the end anyway. ( )
  texasstorm | Aug 20, 2023 |
This book is really helpful learning the history of the Chinese language and how it has evolved into what it is now, in part through the natural changing of language over time, in part the necessities of growth in a computer driven world, and in part for political reasons. It helps to learn and understand more about both the language and the culture. ( )
  Griffin_Reads | Jul 4, 2023 |
... This is where the author is at her best: she brings to life the individuals who gave their all to solve China’s problems with language technology, even as political and social turmoil was raging around them. She describes their long struggles with the beloved script, their hardships (jail, flight, hunger, technical glitches), their many defeats and the rare but rewarding triumph. She portrays Wang Zhao’s Chinese alphabet, ultimately surpassed by Zhang Taiyan’s alternative bopomofo system. She writes about several inventors of Chinese typewriters, none of them commercially successful, and the men who made it possible to send a cable in Chinese. There’s a cameo for long-lived Zhou Youguang, who co-invented pinyin, the modern system for writing Chinese in the Roman alphabet. And so it goes on, up to and including the full integration of Chinese into the digital ecosystem.

This focus on colourful individuals makes the book lively, but it's not without its problems. The people we get to know best, those we keep company in their eureka moments and their long struggles, are often not the ones whose ideas end up prevailing. As a result, we get to know a lot more details about "also-ran" inventors and their inventions than about the ones who actually shaped modern China.

More unfulfilling still is that we don't really come to understand all these fascinating innovations – not me, anyway. For a work on language technologies, the descriptions of the linguistic nuts and technological bolts are less than crystal clear. That is the main flaw in a book full of lovingly presented individual portraits and fact-filled stories.
hinzugefügt von Cynfelyn | bearbeitenThe Guardian, Gaston Dorren (Jan 22, 2022)
 
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"After a meteoric rise, China today is one of the world's most powerful nations. Just a century ago, it was a crumbling empire, with literacy reserved for the elite few. In Kingdom of Characters, Jing Tsu argues that China's greatest and most daunting challenge was a linguistic one. Just as important as China's technological and industrial advances and political maneuvers was the century-long fight to make the Chinese language-with its many dialects and complex character-based script-accessible to the modern world of global trade and digital technology. Kingdom of Characters follows the bold and cunning innovators who adapted the Chinese language to a world defined by the West and its alphabet: the exiled reformer who risked a death sentence to advocate for Mandarin as a national language, the Chinese Muslim poet who laid the groundwork for Chairman Mao's phonetic writing system, the imprisoned computer engineer who devised input codes for Chinese characters on the lid of a tea cup, among others. Without the advances they enabled, China might never have become the dominating force we know today. The revolution of the Chinese script is just as breathtaking as China's transformation into a capitalist juggernaut, in large part because those linguistic innovations literally enabled China's reinvention. With larger-than-life characters and an unexpected perspective on the major events of China's tumultuous twentieth century, Tsu reveals how language is both a technology to be perfected and a subtle yet potent power to be exercised and expanded"--

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